The last group – roughly 10,000 prisoners – was evacuated in the last wave in January 1945, only a few weeks before the Soviet liberation of the Auschwitz-Birkenau complex.Many of those who survived the journey died before they could be registered, whilst others were given the camp numbers of prisoners who had already been killed.As in all other Nazi concentration camps, not all the prisoners were equal.
During the first days after the liberation, the camp's main chancellery was seized by the members of a Polish inmate resistance organization; they secured it against the wishes of other inmates who wanted to burn it.The surviving camp archives include personal files of 37,411 murdered prisoners, including 22,092 Poles, 5,024 Spaniards, 2,843 Soviet prisoners of war and 7,452 inmates of 24 other nationalities.Apart from the surviving camp files of the subcamps of Mauthausen, the main documents used for an estimation of the death toll of the camp complexes are:
In January 1945 thirteen US The Germans destroyed much of the camp's files and evidence and often allocated newly arrived prisoners the camp numbers of those who had already been killed,Before their escape from the camps on 4 May 1945, the SS tried to destroy the evidence, allowing only approximately 40,000 victims to be identified. The Mauthausen main camp operated from the time of the As at other Nazi concentration camps, the inmates at Mauthausen and its subcamps were forced to work as Mauthausen was one of the first massive concentration camp complexes in Nazi Germany, and the last to be liberated by Unlike many other concentration camps, which were intended for all categories of prisoners, Mauthausen was mostly used for The owner of the Wiener-Graben quarry (the Marbacher-Bruch and Bettelberg quarries) was a The granite mined in the quarries had previously been used to pave the streets of Vienna, but the Nazi authorities envisioned a complete reconstruction of major German towns in accordance with plans of The three Gusen concentration camps held a significant proportion of prisoners within the Mauthausen-Gusen complex. The reasons for sending them to work in the "punishment detail" were trivial, and included such "crimes" as not saluting a German passing by.The work in the quarries – often in unbearable heat or in temperatures as low as −30 °C (−22 °F)The inmates of Mauthausen, Gusen I, and Gusen II had access to a separate part of the camp for the sick – the so-called The rock quarry in Mauthausen was at the base of the "Stairs of Death". Suburbanization played only a small role in Mühlhausen.
To accommodate the ever-growing number of slave workers, additional subcamps (German: By the end of the war, the list included 101 camps (including 49 major subcamps)The production output of Mauthausen and its subcamps exceeded that of each of the five other large slave labour centres: Prisoners were also rented out as slave labour to work on local farms, road construction, reinforcing and repairing the banks of the In January 1944, similar tunnels were also built beneath the village of Sankt Georgen by the inmates of Gusen II subcamp (code-named In 1945, the Me 262 works was already finished and the Germans were able to assemble 1,250 planes a month.In January 2015, a "panel of archaeologists, historians and other experts" ruled out the earlier claims of an Austrian filmmaker that a bunker underneath the camp was connected to the The political function of the camp continued in parallel with its economic role. Since that time, Mühlhausen has had some problems finding a new economic core. During World War II, large groups of In early 1941, almost all the Poles and Spaniards, except for a small group of specialists working in the quarry's stone mill, were transferred from Mauthausen to Gusen.Throughout the years of World War II, the Mauthausen and its subcamps received new prisoners in smaller transports daily, mostly from other concentration camps in German-occupied Europe.
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